I have noticed that winepulse leaves too little headroom when draining the buffer, which very often leads to crackling that can't be fully resolved by manipulating latency. Let's check some math: Let's assume that the buffer (tlength) is at 33ms, and minreq is at 13.3ms. If 13.2 ms were drained, the refill would be denied. If the next timer trigger takes 14ms due to jitter, that leaves us with a 6.1ms margin. As such, if we get any jitter longer than that during refill, we get an underflow. I think this is what leads to crackles. My solution increases timer polling to 5x the frequency, so if 13.2ms were drained, the next timer trigger would happen at around 16ms. That would leave us with a 17ms headroom. The math might not be 100% representation of what happens, but I think it's quite close to reality. On practice, this does indeed help to fully get rid of crackling for an indefinite amount of time, when before they were unevitable. I think this problem is quite urgent, because while this does not happen on every system, it's frequent enough that we see "Audio: Crackling" reports on most games on protondb and there are many forum threads about audio crackling. From my experience, the only solution was switching to winealsa, which is very consistent and does not crackle at all. My experience has been very consistent with forum threads when it came to the nature of crackling. I first noticed it in Balatro, which is a very light game and should not be crackling at all on any setup. Some games have very frequent crackling every 20-30 seconds, or buzzsaw crackling every 10-15 minutes. I hope my idea brings us closer to the ultimate fix, I really look forward to your feedback! -- v9: winepulse.drv: Increase timer frequency https://gitlab.winehq.org/wine/wine/-/merge_requests/9840