https://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44424
--- Comment #7 from Robert Walker bob.mt.wya@gmail.com --- It looks like your graphics driver isn't quite up to the job... You could, maybe try limiting Wine's maximum supported GL version to 3.2:
wine reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Wine\Direct3D" /v 'MaxVersionGL' /t 'REG_DWORD' /d '0x30002' /f
Also what's the output from:
glxinfo | egrep '^[[:alpha:]]'
FYI ...
Also it's worth noting that there is a native port of the game engine. https://github.com/RobertBeckebans/RBDOOM-3-BFG