https://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48187
--- Comment #8 from Austin English austinenglish@gmail.com --- (In reply to Kyle Alexander Buan from comment #5)
It asked me to restart (don't make the same mistake as me--you have to restart the computer, even though it isn't Windows) so I restarted, then running the EXE from wine now works.
You didn't need to restart the computer, but all wine processes need to stop in that prefix. Wineboot can also simulate a reboot.