https://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52640
--- Comment #1 from Zebediah Figura z.figura12@gmail.com --- (In reply to Zebediah Figura from comment #0)
Fundamentally USE_WIN32_VULKAN can't work with the official (?) Vulkan loader, and so any attempt to use the Vulkan renderer on Windows would fail as well...
Apparently it works on Windows because the Vulkan loader explicitly loads dxgi.dll from system32, to account for translation layers.