Groveling around, I found a few possibilities:
backtraces broken on gcc 4.7 http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=26791
ICE when compiling: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=641056 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=640864 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gcc-4.6/+bug/842012
needs-new-prelink-to-avoid-crash-with -g option: http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30862
steam overlays: http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=22053
enabling -fomit-frame-pointer by default breaks Wine: http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46468
gcc shouldn't assume that the stack is aligned: http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=40838
wine's conformance test kernel32/thread.ok always fails/crashes on ubuntu 11.10: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wine1.3/+bug/872063
http://wiki.winehq.org/GccVersions might be a place to record this kind of stuff, but it's outdated.
There are some known fixes, possibly related to the above problems, e.g. http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=27692 http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28753 http://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23137
And then there's debian's "wine uses an old gcc" bug: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=654742
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Dan Kegel