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Wine License change: Open question to Jeremy White
by Roland 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

Quote from Jeremy White: "However, with some recent events I cannot disclose, it is clear to me that the opportunity for Wine to be used in a proprietary product is too tempting and has caused some harm to the Wine project. Based on experience, I feel strongly that the potential for harm is great enough that CodeWeavers needs to take two actions. First, we would like to release all new code we develop under an LGPL style license. Second, I would like to open another call for a license change and thereby strongly add my voice to Alexandre's." Obviously you, Jeremy started this discussion. I don't want to sound curious, but I have the feeling that our discussion will be in vain if we don't know about those "events" you can't disclose. I mean suppose that the list reaches a consensus to stay at the BSD license. This wouldn't make a difference would it? You would simply say, sorry: but I have my reasons which I can't disclose and will start a xGPL fork of WINE now... So I think to consider all interests involved we must obviously first KNOW what they are specifically...otherwise we will just be wasting time without touching the really important points(your specific concerns among others...). Best regards, Roland

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RE: Wine license change
by Patrik Stridvall 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

> I think that this message as well as many other bring up some > very good > points as to the needs of licensing within the wine project. > Many other > messages have been clearly in the realm of bsd-gpl feudalism. > I think that trying to find a license to fit the needs of the project > without first having a good understanding of the needs of the > project is a > serious error. Yes, that is what I have tried to say in my reply to Jeramy. We must define what we want to license to protect, but more importantly we must define what the we DON'T want the license to protect. Because "What doesn't the license protect?", more popularly known as "What can we get away with?" is the first question ALL new business models will ask. If the answer of that question is "Not Much" it might be very bad for most business module, but even worse if the answer to the question is "I don't know, it depends on your intent" or "I have no idea, the jury is still out" it will be very bad. >From my discussion with Alexandre last time he seems to believe that whether or it was allowed to implement a few function in some DLL in a LGPL Wine by linking to a proprietary library depended on my intent. I reject this absurd idea most violently. However consider for a moment: What if he is right? This means that with a LGPL:ed Wine: If somebody that had some proprietary library and thought hey with this library it should be quite easy to implement these functions in Wine that prevented these cool application to work. Some programming later... Great it works... Now I call Lindows, Red Hat, SuSE (whomever that distribute Wine) and tell them that I can license this library for $5 per end user to you. Some time later... Great at least some them accepted and the money keeps streaming in. Life is good. Questions: Is his intent bad? Would you sue him for violating the LGPL? If he publish his proprietary library function wrappers under the LGPL. If he didn't? What about the Linux distributor? Under what circumstances would you sue it? Another scenario: Joe Hacker has bought a proprietary library to use with his non Wine related hobby. One day he realizes that the one of his hobby related also proprietary Windows application he dual boots to since it never worked under Wine could be made to work by implementing the missing Wine functions with that library. He does so, it takes a weekend. It works. He puts out the patch to Wine under LGPL on a hobby related website for other that also owns the application and the library. He is happy since dual booting is but a memory. Life is good. Questions: Is his intent bad? Will you sue him? If some months or so later the maker of the protrietary library finds the patch and contacts the Linux distribution like in the case above. Will you sue the him, the proprietary library company or the Linux distribution? All this begs the questions: 1. Isn't it so, that as I claimed that the LGPL really doesn't protected this. 2. Or alternatively, if it really does make what some of the people above do illegal, do we REALLY want to use it? > It's pretty obvious that neither the a gpl > license nor a bsd > license are optimal. It only take the observation of the lack > on consensus > to see it. Quite. > All that I can really offer is this suggestion: end feuding > and start a > process to > 1. Gather the requirements to the licensing of the wine project > 2. Determine if any combination of existing licenses can meet the > requirements > 3. If no combination of existing licenses will suffice, write > a license > that does. Fully agree. > Additionally, I advise that everyone abandon there preconceptions of > licensing. There is no mandate that I know of to license the > whole project > under the same license, only use one license for any part of > the project, > only use existing licenses, license any part of the project > to different > groups under the same license. Quite true. However, take care with viral licenses, they might spill over to the other parts all the same.

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Licensing
by Joe Tennies 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

I have personally always been a huge fan of the BSD license. It has always seemed to me to be more about standards. I know you guys are angered about TransGaming making their WineX version, but get over it. TransGaming is more than willing to place code back into the community. They are just making sure they can cover their own asses too. With the current state of open-sourced companies and internet companies in general, I think they have a decent plan. Also, switching to the LGPL will not make it impossible for TransGaming to make WineX. This has been discussed on the SDL list lately. All you need to do to make a closed source version of a LGPL library is have the LGPL library make calls into a closed source library. The theory behind the LGPL is fairly simple. Make sure that the LGPLed library can be recompiled if one of its dependancies either stops being made or changes dramatically. Basically, it's there to make sure things link 5 years from now. This will probably be my last message to this list as I am dropping it and going to the Mono project. Have fun!

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Re: Wine license change
by g.russell＠ieee.org 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

I think that this message as well as many other bring up some very good points as to the needs of licensing within the wine project. Many other messages have been clearly in the realm of bsd-gpl feudalism. I think that trying to find a license to fit the needs of the project without first having a good understanding of the needs of the project is a serious error. It's pretty obvious that neither the a gpl license nor a bsd license are optimal. It only take the observation of the lack on consensus to see it. All that I can really offer is this suggestion: end feuding and start a process to 1. Gather the requirements to the licensing of the wine project 2. Determine if any combination of existing licenses can meet the requirements 3. If no combination of existing licenses will suffice, write a license that does. Additionally, I advise that everyone abandon there preconceptions of licensing. There is no mandate that I know of to license the whole project under the same license, only use one license for any part of the project, only use existing licenses, license any part of the project to different groups under the same license. Thanks for you ear - Gabriel Russell g.russell(a)ieee.org >Look at the copy protection stuff that transgaming have added to their >tree: they licensed it and thus quite likely can't publish the source >for this - but I still want to see this in the binary only releases >they make :-) Other scenarios I can imagine: drivers for hardware - >think of a company that wants to port their software to Linux via wine >but continue using a dongle or something like that: the dongle code >is quite likely to go into the kernel itself (and may need some support >for that by the wineserver). > Ciao > Jörg

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Undocumented functions: a digest
by Jeremy White 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

Thanks to everyone who sent me examples of undocumented information; I have passed that along; I think it will be very helpful. I was hoping to edit it, and make it a bit more definitive, but I seem to have run out of time. So, I thought I'd just post the raw replies here so it didn't vanish into the bit bucket. Cheers, Jeremy

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RE: Dr. Seuss, licensing, and WINE
by Medland, Bill 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

> -----Original Message----- > From: Dimitrie O. Paun [mailto:dimi@cs.toronto.edu] > Sent: Friday, February 08, 2002 6:35 AM > To: Brett Glass > Cc: wine-devel(a)winehq.com > Subject: Re: Dr. Seuss, licensing, and WINE > > > On Thu, 7 Feb 2002, Brett Glass wrote: > > > --Brett Glass (Who hasn't happened to contribute to WINE > yet, but may do so if > > it remains open source) > > Could you have finished wiht a more dumb line? LGPL _is_ open > source my > friend, go read about it first. > > I don't know about other people, but I'm so tired of these > arguments where > LGPL is 'fascist', 'proprietary', 'not open source', etc. > Once again, we > don't discuss what is important, but we keep arguing about mostly > irrelevant things, just like last time... :( Especially as the OP seems to be in favour of contributing to an "open source" set of code that is used for the basis of a "commercial closed source" product. Bill

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License change: patenting for one year?
by Roland 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

Hello, someone here already had the idea of making a patenting scheme. Maybe this would be a good idea. A company can take the code, improve it and doesn't have to give modifications back until one year has passed. That would give them a competitive edge. Users would pay that company to be able to use always the newest versions. After one year, the code has to be contributed and is placed under the xGPL. The disadvantage of this would be that it would slow down the WINE progress or lead to code duplication. Free developers who don't want to wait a year would start duplicating the code that the company already has but doesn't want to give back yet... Maybe it would really be a good idea to open a web-site with a forum for this discussion, or how about another mailing list? I think the problem with this discussion is that we seem to have at least 2 distinctive groups: 1. People who want to make money selling WINE or derivatives == Anti xGPL 2. People who have no financial interest(individual developers) or companies who have another business model than the above == Pro xGPL Of course there are also people from group 2 that are against the xGPL for one reason or another. Ok, how do we solve this conflict? Maybe there is no solution other than splitting up WINE? That means we would have two code bases corresponding to the two conflicting interest groups. I think that the xGPL group will win on the long run because group one would consist of many people who have only a limited interest in sharing back! That means that the codebase wouldn't evolve much over the long run, and we would have more companies like Lindows who simply build their own version of WINE and improve it, without giving back. Of course there probably will be a group of people involved like on FreeBSD but I wonder if the xGPL group wouldn't have more members.... The problem with the actual license is that it has created exactly this kind of situation: Companies don't share back at all or only if certain requirements(incoming profit) have been fulfilled. This effectively created a situation that is similar to the proposed patenting scheme. So basically I see two options A. We make that patenting scheme official, which basically would correspond to the way things are NOW. B. We split WINE in two projects. B is my current prediction of what will happen. In fact CodeWeavers has already announced that this will happen(they will base their code on xGPL no matter what), so it is very obvious. The only alternative is if someone finds an ingenious solution but I doubt it is possible since the involved interests are so antagonistic. We simply cannot sit in the same boat if one group wants to go north, the other south. Roland

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Re: Wine license change
by Roger Fujii 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

Marcus Meissner <marcus(a)jet.franken.de> wrote: > Hi, hello.... > On Thu, Feb 07, 2002 at 05:45:36PM -0500, Roger Fujii wrote: > > If you are using marketing speak for "contribute". GPL requires 1) > > for you to show your work 2) You effectively license your software to > > the FSF. It doesn't say it has to be in any useful form to be worked > > back into the originating project (if any). > License is not equal Copyright. > You don't automatically sign away your Copyright when switching to the GPL. ??? but I didn't mention copyright. I used the word "license" for this very reason. The copyright holder can later change the licensing policies (though the FSF says this is "ethically tainted"). But there still can be a *GPLed copy after the change.... > > Freedom means allowing people to do things, even things that you don't > > agree with. BSD = Free. GPL is not. Call a spade a spade.... > > Quoting: > When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use, > not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that > you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge > for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get > it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of > it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > these things. I didn't mention cost for the same reason. It seems like a trivial academic exercise to show that something that has LESS restrictions is more "free" than something with more. Hence it is riduculous to say GPL is more "free" than X11/BSD (which is why I wrote that to begin with). Just because something claims it's 'free' doesn't mean it is, just as the "Democractic People's Republic or Korea" isn't democratic by most people's definition of democracy. GPLed programs are certainly infinitely more "free" than propriatary ones, but then, propriatory programs don't try to claim that they're "free" either. > The problem is not other people doing things with my stuff, the problem > is restricting ME as a developer. but that is PRECISELY the issue here, unless you consider someone not contributing is a restriction on a developer. The *GPL clearly restricts how something can be distributed: "rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program" The topic was opened again because there are concerns about how other people are using the source code. Yes, this is a problem, but the tendency is for *GPL advocates to claim that there will be no negative impact which is not the case. -r

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more on wineconf 2002
by Michael Robertson 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

I've fielded a few questions from people who are interested in wineconf 2002. http://net2.com/lindows/hotels.htm For a list of hotels. The best on the cheap/close scale would probably probably be Homestead which are really nice suites (have a little kitchen I believe). Sorry about the short notice (by Feb 14th). That's of course not the cutoff to attend, but just the cutoff for those of you to attend that want Lindows.com to pick up the airfare. We don't intend on advertising it to the general public so we keep a high caliber of attendee. The only place the notification has gone is wine-devel list. We currently have about 15 people signed up. Alexandre told me to tell you he's coming if that will help get more people here. Please continue to send in your ideas about topics and speakers. This will help make the conference as informative and rewarding as possible. We'll also have a fun event planned for one of the evenings on Lindows.com so we'll try to make it a good social event as well as technical. -- MR Lindows.com michael(a)lindows.com 858-410-5941 Bring choice to computers: Become a Lindows.com Insider http://www.lindows.com/signup

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Re: Wine license change
by Roger Fujii 08 Feb '02

08 Feb '02

Steve Langasek <vorlon(a)dodds.net> wrote: > Under the LGPL, everyone /will/ contribute back, because that's what the > LGPL requires. If you are using marketing speak for "contribute". GPL requires 1) for you to show your work 2) You effectively license your software to the FSF. It doesn't say it has to be in any useful form to be worked back into the originating project (if any). > Under the LGPL, it's not for them (or for you) to decide > whether they have anything to contribute back; if they make modifications, > they must be shared openly. And you're right that some people don't want > to contribute back. That's precisely WHY we would consider relicensing > under the LGPL. If everyone shared of their own free will, why would we > need a license that said they had to share? The question at hand is > whether or not we want to allow others to benefit from Wine without > sharing their changes. Here we go again.... If this is *all* it did, LGPL is far less objectionable. The problem with *GPL is that it also regulates the UNMODIFIED use of the software. > I make no bones about the fact that I'm a staunch believer in copyleft. > If Free Software has value, then there's also value in keeping it Free. Freedom means allowing people to do things, even things that you don't agree with. BSD = Free. GPL is not. Call a spade a spade.... > > As for commercial interest, I see that Apache+modssl has done quite well > > against any closed-source versions. > I would argue that this is a different ballgame. In the web serving > field, There's More Than One Way To Do It, there shouldn't be... http and ssl are 'well' defined protocols. > and trying to avoid forks leads to infrastructure issues as you need more > and more management to make decisions and guide the project. this is a project SIZE issue and has very little to do with the license. > In Wine, most of the decisions have already been made by Microsoft for us, > it's simply a question of implementation; and most of that implementation > is parallelizable to a high degree. and what gives you this impression about wine? Seems that many of the subsystems are interconnected (look at the recent thread on dll mapping). Can't imagine that DX support wouldn't impact anything else. > Having a license that allows commercial offshoots of a > webserver lets companies come up with innovative new designs that > wouldn't have been incorporated into the main tree. Having a license that > allows commercial offshoots of Wine potentially leads to a bunch of > different Windows emulators, each of which is 98% complete and none of > which works with half the software people want it to. If it works 100% with the 1-3 pieces of software a user needs it for, the user certainly wouldn't care. The question is whether the alternative would be better or not..... > I'm sure that under a BSD-style license, Wine could continue to outcompete > any commercial offshoots. The question is, which license model gives us > the best chance of competing with *Microsoft*, who already has the lead? If this is the goal (it certainly is mine), then *GPL is not a good choice, because it would interfere with deployment (*GPL wouldn't allow being bundled with the playstation2 or other HW platforms as an example). If acceptance is the goal and you care about wine in a non-linux context, stay with BSD/X11. If you don't care about expanding the pie, go *GPL.... -r

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